L2

Optimism OP

An Ethereum Layer 2 using the OP Stack, the open-source rollup framework powering an interoperable "Superchain" of major L2s.

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Founded
2021
Founder
OP Labs / Karl Floersch, Jinglan Wang, Ben Jones
Consensus
Optimistic Rollup
Max Supply
4,294,967,296

What OP is

Optimism is an Ethereum Layer 2 developed by OP Labs. The OP Mainnet chain is one of the major Ethereum L2s, but Optimism's broader contribution is the OP Stack: an open-source, modular rollup framework that other L2s have adopted, including Coinbase's Base, Worldcoin's World Chain, Sony's Soneium, and others. Together these form the "Superchain": a network of interoperable L2s sharing the OP Stack.

How it works

OP Mainnet is an optimistic rollup that executes EVM-compatible transactions and posts batches to Ethereum L1. OP Stack chains share design but maintain separate state; the Superchain plan involves shared sequencing and atomic cross-chain composability between participating chains. The OP token is governance for the Optimism Collective, the DAO that allocates retroactive public-goods funding to projects building on the OP Stack.

Use cases

OP Mainnet hosts DeFi (Velodrome DEX, Synthetix, Aave), gaming, and consumer apps. The most strategically important development is the Superchain ecosystem: Base alone (built on OP Stack) is one of the largest L2s and brings significant Coinbase-driven retail volume. The OP token's value derives partly from its governance role over the Optimism treasury and partly from sequencer fees redirected to the Collective.

Tradeoffs and criticism

Like all optimistic rollups, native withdrawals to L1 take 7 days. The Superchain vision creates value but also requires coordination across multiple independent chains, each with their own teams and incentives. OP's tokenomics include a relatively large initial allocation to airdrops and the Collective.

Where to track OP

See optimistic rollup and Layer 2 for technical context.

Related coins

Frequently asked questions

What is the OP Stack?
The OP Stack is an open-source, modular framework for building optimistic rollup blockchains. It is used by OP Mainnet, Base, World Chain, Soneium, and others. Chains using OP Stack can theoretically interoperate as part of the Superchain.
Is Base part of Optimism?
Base is built on the OP Stack and is part of the Superchain ecosystem, but it is operated by Coinbase. Base contributes a portion of its sequencer fees to the Optimism Collective.
How is OP different from ARB?
Both are optimistic rollups on Ethereum. The OP token governs the Optimism Collective (which funds public goods); ARB governs the Arbitrum DAO. They have different ecosystems, slightly different technical choices, and different governance philosophies.